Groundwater reaches alarming stage in Tamil Nadu

April 22: Overexploitation of groundwater is turning out to be a bigger threat to Tamil Nadu than getting the wrong end of the stick in inter-state water sharing disputes that are currently jeopardising access to the state’s surface water resources.

Studies conducted by the state PWD has revealed that the state, which ranks second only to Rajasthan in exploitation of groundwater resources, is left with only 3 per cent of its total 21 bcm (billion cubic metres) of ground water. Officials say the state’s farmers are largely to be blamed for this alarming situation.

Referring to their study, senior officials of the state Water Resource Organisation told this newspaper that irrigation accounts for nearly 90 per cent of groundwater consumption (17 bcm), while industrial and domestic drinking water requirements jointly consume only 5 per cent (1bcm).

Worse, another PWD study pointed out that out of the total 385 blocks (water) in the state, about 142 blocks were overexploited and 33 had reached a critical stage way back in 2004 itself, nullifying the groundwater utilisation in those areas. Observing that the scenario had deteriorated further, PWD experts predicted that around 200 blocks would have reached the “dark zone” category by now. Except Thanjavur, Cuddalore, parts of Karaikudi, Kancheepuram and Chennai that have sedimentary terrains, recharging ground water is difficult in most other parts of TN due to the rocky terrain.

Though projects like IAMWARM and system rice intensification are being implemented to minimise water conservation, farmers usually draw excess water as they are keen on cultivating commercial crops that give attractive returns.

Source: DECCAN